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Four questions (and expert solutions) on the new US cryptocurrency legislation

Explore insights in the NFT & Web3 area. This article dives into: “Four questions (and expert answers) on the new US cryptocurrency legislation”.

Four questions (and expert answers) on the new US cryptocurrency legislation

The prefix comes from the Greek phrase “kryptos,” that means “secret” or “hidden.” And there’s a lot about cryptocurrency that appears like secret information. This week, nevertheless, the US House of Representatives sought to carry some readability to digital currencies—or at the very least US regulation of them—by passing three new payments. What do you should find out about the GENIUS Act, the CLARITY Act, and the CBDC Anti-Surveillance State Act? Below, our specialists provide some readability of their very own on what these measures imply for cryptocurrency, Americans’ wallets, and the world.

These three payments goal to offer regulatory readability for the cryptocurrency business, which has lengthy been working in a grey space, with unclear company oversight and undefined shopper safety and compliance necessities. With these three payments, the Trump administration and Congress goal to fill these regulatory gaps and propel a broader agenda for innovation and US competitiveness in digital belongings. 

The GENIUS Act, which Trump signed into regulation at the moment, creates the first federal regulatory framework for stablecoins, with guidelines for issuers and backing necessities. The CLARITY Act, which now goes to the Senate, transfers jurisdiction over digital belongings from the Securities and Exchange Commission to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission and defines and establishes guidelines for crypto-asset exchanges, brokers, and sellers. Finally, the CBDC Anti-Surveillance State Act, which can be headed to the Senate, prohibits the Federal Reserve from issuing a central financial institution digital foreign money (CBDC) with out congressional approval. There continues to be a variety of work to do to handle remaining gaps, however these payments are a primary step. Most importantly, these laws are solely efficient when paired with constant and honest enforcement

Alisha Chhangani is an assistant director at the Atlantic Council’s GeoEconomics Center. 

The probably final result is that extra firms, together with banks, are going to leap into providing crypto belongings. We’ve already seen a number of main monetary establishments point out that they wish to get extra concerned in crypto. As JPMorgan Chase CEO Jamie Dimon mentioned Tuesday when requested about stablecoins, “We’re going to be in it and learning a lot, and [a] player.” Now that there’s lastly extra regulatory readability, you possibly can count on the conventional finance gamers, typically referred to as TradFi, to have interaction extra with these quickly creating applied sciences. For Americans, this implies your financial institution could quickly offer you stablecoins and presumably even tokenized methods to spend money on the inventory market. None of this can occur in a single day, however in a 12 months or two the method we financial institution may look considerably completely different. 

This can also include dangers. What occurred with Silicon Valley Bank in 2022 is a cautionary story. If banks get too concerned with one thing speculative—whether or not it’s in the digital economic system or not—then there’s a threat that some type of failure in a single a part of the market may create a bigger monetary disaster. These payments are geared toward serving to guarantee the belongings provided are secure, however it’s clear there’s way more work to do on that entrance. 

Josh Lipsky is the chair of worldwide economics at the Atlantic Council and the senior director of the Atlantic Council’s GeoEconomics Center.

From a coverage standpoint, nations round the world have to contemplate the influence of dollar-denominated stablecoins on their home markets, whereas balancing their insurance policies on stablecoins denominated in their very own fiat foreign money (resembling euro-backed or yuan-backed stablecoins) and crypto belongings at giant. While all the payments are centered on the home US market, overseas jurisdictions have been carefully following these developments in Congress. Reactions from overseas have largely echoed considerations about monetary stability arising from the inflow of dollar-denominated stablecoins, particularly (however not solely) from rising markets. Other reactions have additionally included considerations about US President Donald Trump’s private ventures with the crypto business and the way that would affect his policymaking. Jurisdictions overseas are inclined to imagine that the United States is being myopic with its digital asset insurance policies, with little examination of long-term impacts on the world economic system.  

Increasingly, I see superior economies and rising markets doubling down on measures to guard their home monetary stability. This contains extra of an emphasis on their central financial institution digital currencies and changes to their present stablecoin laws, in addition to creating new ones in mild of developments in the United States.

Ananya Kumar is the deputy director for future of cash at the GeoEconomics Center.

One of the payments, the CBDC Anti-Surveillance State Act, is targeted on banning the Federal Reserve from issuing a retail CBDC. A retail CBDC could be utilized by the common public for industrial and peer-to-peer transactions, resembling shopping for a cup of espresso. In distinction, a wholesale CBDC could be utilized by monetary establishments to settle interbank and securities transactions. 

Supporters of this invoice say they’re frightened about potential harms to non-public privateness and about authorities management of each day transactions. At the identical time, this invoice would make the United States the solely nation in the world to have banned a CBDC and a worldwide outlier in CBDC improvement. Importantly, the invoice may probably additionally undermine the Federal Reserve’s important work on cross-border funds innovation. The Federal Reserve is actively concerned in Project Agora, alongside six different central banks, to make worldwide funds extra environment friendly and safe by integrating tokenized central financial institution cash and industrial financial institution deposits. Halting this work dangers leaving the United States behind in shaping the subsequent era of worldwide fee infrastructure.

This is all occurring as nations more and more pursue different fee techniques designed to bypass the greenback. Without US management in cross-border funds innovation, different nations—together with China—may fill the void, setting technical requirements, governance norms, and monetary networks that diminish the position of the greenback. This erosion of management additionally poses a nationwide safety threat, limiting the United States’ potential to watch illicit finance and implement financial sanctions.

—Alisha Chhangani

***

As issues stand now—as a result of the lack of worldwide consensus on the position of dollar-backed stablecoins and crypto belongings—I see a rocky street forward for world governance of digital belongings. If there may be one takeaway from the Atlantic Council GeoEconomics Center’s Cryptocurrency Regulation Tracker, it’s that jurisdictions can’t go at crypto insurance policies alone. Creating a accountable, progressive ecosystem will take world cooperation. 

The passing of the GENIUS Act provides the United States an opportunity to herald different nations to reply to their considerations concerning dollar-backed stablecoins. Moreover, subsequent 12 months’s US presidency of the Group of Twenty (G20) is the good discussion board to take action. If the United States needs to advance its management on the world stage, it ought to take the momentum from “crypto week” and translate it right into a second of worldwide consensus-building and cooperation.

—Ananya Kumar

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Cryptocurrency Regulation Tracker

Cryptocurrencies could considerably alter monetary buildings and rework the subsequent era of cash and funds. Governments round the world want to create laws to forestall the harms attributable to cryptocurrencies whereas encouraging the progressive capabilities of cryptocurrencies. We analyze how 75 nations have regulated cryptocurrency of their jurisdictions.

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Central Bank Digital Currency Tracker

Our flagship Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) Tracker takes you inside the fast evolution of cash throughout the world. The interactive database now tracks over 135 nations— triple the variety of nations we first recognized as being energetic in CBDC improvement in 2020.

Further studying

Related Experts:
Alisha Chhangani,
Ananya Kumar, and
Josh Lipsky

Image: US President Donald Trump holds the signed “Genius Act”, which is able to develop regulatory framework for stablecoin cryptocurrencies and broaden oversight of the business, at the White House in Washington, D.C., U.S., July 18, 2025. REUTERS/Annabelle Gordon

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